Although further research is needed, physical exercise interventions aimed at improving brain health through neuroprotective mechanisms show promise for preserving cognitive performance. Although some clinical trials of exercise interventions demonstrate positive effects of exercise on cognitive performance, other trials show minimal to no effect. The results of observational studies support a dose-dependent neuroprotective relationship between physical exercise and cognitive performance in older adults. Evidence from both animal and human studies supports the role of physical exercise in modifying metabolic, structural, and functional dimensions of the brain and preserving cognitive performance in older adults. In this review we summarize the role of exercise in neuroprotection and cognitive performance, and provide information related to implementation of physical exercise programs for older adults. Physical exercise that targets modifiable risk factors and neuroprotective mechanisms may reduce declines in cognitive performance attributed to the normal aging process and protect against changes related to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and other types of dementia. In an aging population with increasing incidence of dementia and cognitive impairment, strategies are needed to slow age-related decline and reduce disease-related cognitive impairment in older adults. Current and future guidelines will continue to emphasize factors that result in permanent lifestyle change and encourage a lifetime of physical activity. Research is needed to provide more precise recommendations concerning the progression of training and how much should be included in warm-up and cool-down periods. The primary difference between exercise prescription for fitness and physical activity for health is that fitness-oriented programs encompass health benefits, whereas guidelines designed specifically to elicit health benefits often do not incorporate the intensity or volume of training necessary to bring about improved fitness. The current ACSM position stand (1990) on exercise for fitness has been criticized for failing to emphasize that health benefits may result from participation in lower intensity/volume physical activities. In this paper, the current guidelines on exercise for physical fitness are examined, and important issues that may influence the updating of the ACSM exercise statement are identified. However, light intensity brain gymnastics (mean= 6.61) is better in improving the cognitive function of the elderly compared with medium intensity brain gymnastics (mean 2.18), with p=0.000, respectively.Conclusions: Brain gymnastic with light intensity for 10 minutes per exercise with frequency of 3 times a week is more effective in improving the cognitive function of the elderly compared with brain gymnastic with medium intensity for 15 minutes per exercise with frequency of 2 times a week. Bivariate analysis used paired t-test and independet sample t-test.Results: Findings of this study reveal that there was a significant effect of light and medium intensity brain gymnastic on the improvement of cognitive function of elderly (p=0.000). Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis. ![]() Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) questionnaires was used to measure cognitive function of elderly. There were 66 people included in this study, which 33 randomly assigned in the light intensity brain gymnastic group (group I) and medium intensity brain gymnastic group (group II). ![]() One effort to inhibit cognitive decline due to aging is by doing brain gym.Objective: This study aims to examine the effect of light and medium intensity brain gymnastic on the improvement of cognitive function of elderly, and compare its result between the two intervention.Methods: This was an experimental research with pre-test and post-test group design conducted in 2016. Background: Decreased brain aging is due to impaired cognitive function.
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